History of Udaipur
India February 2009

Palaces, forts located on hilltops, serene lakes and tales of valour, make Udaipur a jewel among the cities of Rajasthan. Apart from this, the city has a large number of temples and havelis of various hues and in spite of it being a desert area, there are many green parks and gardens. Not only as a tourist spot, it is also culturally rich it being a centre of crafts and performing arts. The city was once surrounded by a wall which is in ruins now and the old city is surrounded by the remains of the wall to the east of Lake Pichola.

Founded in 1568 by Maharana Udai Singh II. Udaipur was the capital of the Rajput kingdom of Mewar, ruled by Ranawats of Sisodia clan. The ancient capital of Mewar was Chittor or Chittorgath, located on the Banas River northeast of Udaipur. It is said that Rana Udai Singh II met a hermit during one of his hunting sprees at the foothills of teh Aravalli Range. The hermit blessed the king and asked him to build a palace on the spot and it would be well protected surrounded by forests, lakes and the protective Aravalli Range. Udai Singh then built a residence for himself there. In the year Udaipur was founded. Mughal emperor Akbar captured Chittor, and Udai Singh moved the capital to the site of his residence, which became the city of Udaipur.

After his death in 1572, Udai Singh II was succeeded by his son. Pratap, the hero of the battle of Haldighati of 1576. Pratap was a valiant figter and foiled many attempts by the Mughals to capture Udaipur. Although the rules of Mewar were attached continually, they did not allow any foreigner invaders to rule over them unlike several other rulers of Rajasthan. Udaipur was ultimately attacked by the Marathas. Udaipur acquired stability only after Britain intervened and a treaty was signed which ensured protection to the kingdom. When India became independent, the ruler opted to integrate it with the rest of the country.


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